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2 articles

Article

Open AccessPublished: 13 January 2026

Kripke's Critique of Descriptivism and the Conceptual Challenges of Necessity and Contingency

Euclides Souza

Philosophy and Realistic Reflection · 61–80 · 10.55121/prr.v3i1.775

This investigation offers a systematic critique of Saul Kripke's anti-descriptivist theory of rigid designation through five converging lines of argument, aiming to demonstrate that descriptive content is not merely auxiliary but philosophically necessary for reference. First, the analysis shows that Kripke's causal–historical m

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Article

Open AccessPublished: 18 September 2025

How to Be Things with Words: Speech Acts and the Ontological Symmetry Between Realism and Idealism

Euclides Souza

Philosophy and Realistic Reflection · 150–159 · 10.55121/prr.v2i1.493

This article challenges the traditional separation between language and ontology by arguing that they are fundamentally co-constitutive. Drawing from Speech Act Theory—particularly in its development by Austin, Searle, and Vanderveken—it demonstrates that language is not merely a vehicle for describing reality, but a generative

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