Novel Quantum Materials: Transformative Tools for Advancing Aquaculture and Marine Biotechnology

Abstract

Novel quantum materials, including topological insulators, 2D nanomaterials, and strongly correlated systems, are revolutionizing aquaculture and marine biotechnology through unparalleled sensing sensitivity, environmental stability, and biocompatibility. This review integrates recent advancements (2022–2025) in quantum material-based platforms for marine biosensing, water quality monitoring, and aquaculture management. We highlight silicon quantum dots for heavy metal detection, bismuth telluride topological insulators for biomolecule sensing, and samarium nickelate-based systems for marine organism monitoring. Key applications include real-time Hg²⁺ detection in aquaculture waters (detection limit: 3 nmol/L) and label-free biomolecule analysis via topological THz biosensors. Challenges such as scalability and long-term seawater stability are addressed, with perspectives on intelligent aquaculture integration.

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