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Carbon Farming and Agroforestry: Synergies, Trade‑Offs, and a Decision Framework for Climate‑Smart Landscapes

Muhammad Adil

New Countryside · 83-91 · 10.55121/nc.v5i3.102479

Carbon farming through agroforestry and biochar amendment is widely recognised as a climate‑smart strategy, yet the quantitative integration of their combined effects on soil organic carbon (SOC) and the operationalisation of monitoring, reporting, and verification (MRV) remain fragmented across the literature. This review synth