Efficient Photocatalytic Degradation of Crystal Violet Dye Using a Synthesized CdO:V2O5 Nanocomposite in the Presence of Sunlight

Materials containing two or more separate phases, at least one of which has nanoscale dimensions, are called nano composites. Coupled semiconductor metal oxides have drawn a lot of interest among these because of their special and improved physicochemical characteristics. These characteristics frequently result from changes in the density of states, electron tunneling, surface plasmon resonance, and quantum confinement effects. In this work, a straightforward and economical co-precipitation technique was used to create CdO:V2O5 binary metal oxide nanocomposites. The presence of crystalline phases corresponding to both CdO and V2O5 was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), which was used to evaluate the structural properties of the resultant nanocomposites. The Debye-Scherrer formula was used to compute the crystallite sizes, which showed that the particles were in the nanoscale range and had high crystallinity. The degradation of crystal violet dye under visible light was used to assess the produced nanocomposites’ photocatalytic activity. To investigate the impact of composition on photocatalytic efficiency, nanocomposites with CdO:V2O5 molar ratios of 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1 were investigated. First-order kinetics was confirmed by the regression coefficients for the degradation process, which were 0.9919, 0.9903, and 0.9800, respectively. The two semiconductors’ synergistic interactions, which improve charge separation and light absorption, are responsible for the difference in photocatalytic performance. These findings imply that CdO:V2O5 nanocomposites are potential options for effective photocatalytic applications, particularly in environmental remediation and wastewater treatment, especially when used at optimal ratios.