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2 articles

Article

Open AccessPublished: 16 October 2024

Justice, Democracy, and Freedom in the Middle Ages: The Fables by Marie de France

Albrecht Classen

Philosophy and Realistic Reflection · 26–38 · 10.55121/prr.v1i1.367

It might be surprising, and yet it can certainly be confirmed that the Anglo-Norman poet Marie de France offered in her Fables (ca. 1190) a wide range of political, social, moral, and philosophical notions about the way people within her society should and could live together in a peaceful, just, and respectful manner. She did n

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Article

Open AccessPublished: 20 October 2026

Reconceptualizing the Philosophy of Penal Legitimacy: Human Dignity and an Integrated Theory of Criminal Justice

Md Sohel Rana

Philosophy and Realistic Reflection · 29–45 · 10.55121/prr.v4i1.103283

Criminal punishment represents an ongoing challenge to normative justification because it involves the state’s use of coercive power against people who are believed to be guilty of misconduct. This study explores how the concepts of retributivism, consequentialism, communicativeness, restitution, rehabilitation, dignity-based me

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