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A Data-Driven Framework for Short-Term Bus Arrival Time Prediction Integrating AVL, AFC, and Weather Data

Farid Sadeghi Ghazijahani, Behnam Vafaeimehr, Abdolreza Sheikholeslami, Amirhossein Baghestani, Shahin Hassani

Transportation Development Research · 1-25 · 10.55121/tdr.v4i2.101575

Accurate prediction of bus arrival times is vital for improving the reliability, efficiency, and user satisfaction of urban public transportation systems. However, unpredictable service can discourage ridership, undermine system equity, and hinder progress toward sustainable urban mobility. This study presents a comprehensive an