Optimization of Biofloc Technology for Intensive Pacific White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Culture: Effects on Water Quality, Growth Performance and Microbial Community Structure
Abstract
This study optimized biofloc technology (BFT) parameters for intensive Litopenaeus vannamei culture. Three carbon sources (molasses, wheat bran, glucose) and two C/N ratios (15:1, 20:1) were tested in 90-day indoor trials. Water quality indicators, shrimp growth performance and microbial communities were monitored. Results showed molasses at C/N 20:1 significantly reduced ammonia-N (32.6±1.8 mg/L) and nitrite-N (2.1±0.3 mg/L) (P<0.05), increased weight gain rate (286.4±12.7%) and survival rate (89.2±3.1%). 16S rRNA sequencing revealed dominant genera including Vibrio (12.3%) and Pseudomonas (8.7%). This optimization provides theoretical support for sustainable intensive shrimp culture.
