Addressing Urban Health Disparities Through Digital Behavioral Interventions: A Mixed-Methods Analysis

Abstract

This study examines the role of digital health interventions in mitigating health behavior disparities associated with urbanization, focusing on socioeconomic and racial/ethnic differences. Using a mixed-methods design, we analyzed survey data (N=1,200) from three U.S. cities with varying urbanization levels and conducted 35 semi-structured interviews with healthcare providers, policymakers, and community stakeholders. Quantitative results revealed that lower socioeconomic status (SES) and minority populations in highly urbanized areas reported higher sedentary behavior (β=0.32, p<0.01) and lower digital intervention adherence (β=-0.25, p<0.05). Qualitative findings highlighted structural barriers (e.g., limited internet access, cultural mistrust) and facilitators (e.g., tailored mobile app features, community outreach). Integrating social cognitive theory and ecological models, the study demonstrates how context-specific digital solutions can enhance behavioral health service delivery in urban settings. Results inform the design of scalable interventions addressing both individual-level motivations and environmental constraints, contributing to equity-focused policy and practice.

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