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8 articles

Article

Open AccessPublished: 3 May 2025

Wahdat-al-Khayāl (Unity of Thought): A Psychologist’s Response to Wahdat-al-Wujūd (Unity of Being) and Wahdat-alShuhūd (Unity of Witnessing)

Waqar Husain

Philosophy and Realistic Reflection · 84–94 · 10.55121/prr.v2i1.511

The quest to comprehend the nature of reality and the essence of selfhood has long animated metaphysical inquiry across civilizations. The current discourse presents the concept of Wahdat-al-Khayāl (Unity of Thought) as the foundational ontology. By critically engaging with classical metaphysical frameworks of Wahdat-al-Wujūd (U

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Article

Open AccessPublished: 19 October 2024

Thought-Shaping, Reflection and the Refractive Element

Otto Paans

Philosophy and Realistic Reflection · 39-54 · 10.55121/prr.v1i1.278

Is it possible to think beyond the structuring and directing influences of thought-shaping? Or, phrased differently, how can thought-shaping be genuinely free and creative? My response in this essay is that we must move beyond the idea of thought-shaping as mere awareness or critical reflection. As I show, the notion of reflecti

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Article

Open AccessPublished: 29 June 2026

Cultural Extensibility and the Ethics of Cohabitation: Exclusionary Identity, Anti-Blackness, and the Ontology of Culture

Viateur Nkurunziza

Philosophy and Realistic Reflection · 124–140 · 10.55121/prr.v3i2.102510

This philosophical article examines the ontological assumptions underlying exclusionary claims of cultural preservation and racialised belonging. Contemporary debates on cultural identity frequently oscillate between pluralist recognition and defensive forms of exclusion, yet they rarely interrogate the conception of culture tha

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Article

Open AccessPublished: 27 June 2026

Designing Cosmic Inhabiting: Amerindian Cosmologies, Flat Ontology, and Alternative Futures in the Anthropocene

Leonardo Marques Kussler

Philosophy and Realistic Reflection · 92–102 · 10.55121/prr.v3i2.101870

The environmental challenges of the Anthropocene demand alternative ways of inhabiting and relating to the world. This article introduces the concept of cosmic inhabiting as a framework for rethinking human and more-than-human coexistence through a dialogue between Amerindian perspectivism and flat ontology. Through a conceptual

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Article

Open AccessPublished: 27 March 2026

Cultural and Aesthetic Agency at the Intersection of Art and Economics

Robert Gordon

Philosophy and Realistic Reflection · 188–198 · 10.55121/prr.v3i1.651

An important element in understanding human life and history is how market forces and economic development relate to the creation and distribution of the significant artifacts of culture. The relationship between art and economics is important because commercial activity is a primary means by which humans sustain life amid the v

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Article

Open AccessPublished: 26 September 2025

Nietzsche’s “Historical” Jesus: The Crucified Free-Spirit and Bringer of Glad Tidings

James Magrini

Philosophy and Realistic Reflection · 191–200 · 10.55121/prr.v2i1.576

Elements of Theology and New Testament scholarship are interwoven into this essay to supplement the reading of Nietzsche’s “historical” Jesus as it appears in The Anti-Christ. The paper unfolds in four sections: First, thoughts are offered regarding Nietzsche’s methodological approach to his reading, and Nietzsche interprets Jes

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Article

Open AccessPublished: 25 March 2025

Philosophical Exploration into the Exceptionalities of Giftedness and Disability: Developing Frameworks for Understanding

La Shun L. Carroll

Philosophy and Realistic Reflection · 38–55 · 10.55121/prr.v2i1.392

This research explores the concept of asynchrony in human development, specifically the imbalance between mental and physical aging in relation to time. It posits that while chronological age progresses uniformly, intellectual development can accelerate, leading to giftedness, or decelerate, resulting in intellectual delays or d

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Article

Open AccessPublished: 10 October 2024

The Quest for Happiness: Medieval Perspectives for Our Future: Philosophical and Literary-Historical Investigations

Albrecht Classen

Philosophy and Realistic Reflection · 1-12 · 10.55121/prr.v1i1.190

Human life makes sense only if the individual can achieve a certain degree of happiness. In order to address this topic in an insightful and effective way, this paper turns to a selection of medieval literary narratives where the focus specifically rests on happiness that an individual might achieve when the circumstances and th

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