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Volume 4 Issue 1 cover

Open Access · 2027

Volume 4 Issue 1


Philosophy and Realistic Reflection

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Table of Contents

2 articles
ArticleOpen AccessPublished: 18 October 2026

The Ontology of Growth Mindset: A Cross-Cultural Philosophical Synthesis of Carol S. Dweck’s Empirical Psychology and Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī’s Theological Epistemology

Piet Hizbullah Khaidir, Revoluna Zyde Khaidir, Azhar Ibrahim Alwee, Anis Ulfiyatin, Andri Nirwana

Philosophy and Realistic Reflection · 1–28 · 10.55121/prr.v4i1.101552

Since its conceptualisation in modern cognitive psychology, the growth mindset paradigm has profoundly shaped academic discourses on human cognitive malleability and existential self-transformation. However, its prevailing secular framing often lacks ontological depth regarding human agency. This article undertakes a cross-cultu

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ArticleOpen AccessPublished: 20 October 2026

Reconceptualizing the Philosophy of Penal Legitimacy: Human Dignity and an Integrated Theory of Criminal Justice

Md Sohel Rana

Philosophy and Realistic Reflection · 29–45 · 10.55121/prr.v4i1.103283

Criminal punishment represents an ongoing challenge to normative justification because it involves the state’s use of coercive power against people who are believed to be guilty of misconduct. This study explores how the concepts of retributivism, consequentialism, communicativeness, restitution, rehabilitation, dignity-based me

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