Over the last few decades, the fight for social justice has increasingly been couched in terms of combating what is referred to as the systemic oppression of marginalized group identities, typically defined in terms of gender, sexuality, religion, or race. According to left-wing social justice educators, these identities are victimized by the system. While there... more

This study develops an evolutionary model of post-colonial spiritual adaptation to explain the dynamic resilience of Macau's faith systems under its unique governance framework. Employing collective case study methodology, three multi-layered cases are selected: the Procession of Our Lord of the Passion as a macro-level public ritual, Chinese motifs in Catholic art as exemplified by... more

The Ismaili community in Chitral, Pakistan, faces significant and multifaceted challenges related to cultural preservation, ethnic identity formation, and political marginalization. As a religious and cultural minority within the broader socio-political landscape of Chitral, the Ismailis constantly navigate pressures of assimilation while striving to maintain their distinct traditions and communal values. This study investigates the... more