This essay presents a critical philosophical examination of contemporary educational realities within the Southeast Asian context, particularly focusing on the Philippines and broader ASEAN region. Employing Presuppositional Epistemology—the principle that knowledge emerges from foundational commitments and principles—this study argues that education is never theologically or morally neutral, necessitating rigorous philosophical inquiry into educational practice. The... more

This study examines the relationship between academic self-efficacy and academic performance among university students in Xi’an, China, while also exploring disparities in self-efficacy based on gender and academic major. Grounded in Bandura’s social cognitive theory, the research employs a quantitative, cross-sectional correlational design. A total of 389 undergraduate students from 29 universities were recruited through... more